Although not designed to be physiologically active, many of these can bind to steroidal and other cellular receptors or otherwise interfere with endocrine signalling or enzyme systems and thus affect physiological processes in species as diverse as bacteria (Fox, 2004) and mammals (Toppari et al., 1996; Sweeney et al., 2000).
Since flowering is known to be limited physiologically by many aspects of climate [ 56], we consider flowering phenology to be one of the suitable dimensions of niche space in which to look for adaptive shifts in response to past changes in climate in the Cape.
Investigators have found that such technology has the potential to address many physiologically relevant questions.
For example, although the PHENOFIT model was developed on the basis of biological processes and many physiologically based SDMs (Kearney and Porter 2009) are used to evaluate the effects of climate changes on species distribution, they are not CEMs.
Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) belong to a superfamily of 19 isozymes that are known to participate in many physiologically important biosynthetic processes including detoxification of specific endogenous and exogenous aldehyde substrates.
Recently, it has been shown that in many physiologically relevant cases the leaky integrate-and-fire model can be equivalent to a level-crossing model without reset, where spikes are modeled as positive threshold crossings and are not followed by a reset [3, 6, 16].
In her third paper on cyclols (1936), Wrinch noted that many "physiologically active" substances such as steroids are composed of fused hexagonal rings of carbon atoms and, thus, might be sterically complementary to the face of cyclol molecules without the amino-acid side chains.
The orthophosphate concentration we used in vitro was 25 mM, which is physiologically relevant to many cell-types, including eukaryotes [27].
In recent years, miRNAs have been identified as key regulators of protein expression and have been implicated in many physiologically relevant cellular pathways [8].
In addition to proteins, Trp is the precursor of many physiologically important metabolites (Table 1).
