Physiological scientist Arthur Arnold and colleagues were probing the genetic basis of brain differences between songbird genders when they came upon a puzzling finding: Z-linked genes seemed to be expressed at much higher levels in males than in females.
The progestin in injectable contraceptives appears to have a physiological effect, scientists said.
While many believe that human thinking can be explained mechanistically in physiological terms, scientists themselves have yet to develop concepts adequate for producing machines that can approach the full range of human talent.
From a physiological standpoint, scientists now understand much about the development of the brain in the first few years of a child's life, and if we miss this "window of opportunity" in stirring and nurturing young children's thinking and reasoning during those years, they will never reach their full potential, not only from a cognitive standpoint but emotionally and socially as well.
Instead, the riders' biological report cards are analyzed in conjunction with physiological testing, so scientists can see how the body changes when the riders work out, travel or when they are ill.
Participants will be hooked up to sensors that measure their physiological arousal, enabling scientists to test people's physical and emotional responses to their surroundings, as they walk through community gardens or down dark alleys.
Given increased opportunities to compete, and no longer shunned for having muscles, women are now pushing against the physiological barrier that, scientists say, gives men a 10 to 15percentt advantage in athletic performance because of increased muscle mass and oxygen-carrying capacity.
Snake venoms contain a huge variety of molecules affecting vital physiological systems, and scientists are turning some of these life-threatening toxins into a source of life-saving therapeutics.
With the emergence of WSNs and the rapid growth of physiological sensor technology, scientists from various fields sought to adapt sensor networks for the purposes of health monitoring applications.
After adjusting for many dietary, behavioral and physiological risk factors, the scientists found that compared with those below the 20th percentile in anthocyanin intake, those above the 80th percentile were 32 percent less likely to have a heart attack.
