Physicians believed the body had four "humors": blood, yellow bile, black bile and phlegm.
And because juvenile diabetes is caused by a lack of insulin, physicians believed since the 20's that the only evil with insulin is not having enough.
Many physicians believed that the degree of separation the top editors demanded for the journal, and for its expert authors, was unrealistic and counterproductive.
Physicians believed that breast cancer spread in a contiguous, stepwise fashion from the primary tumor, and that the only way to eradicate the disease was to remove the entire breast and the underlying muscles.
Historically, although parents of children have been allowed to be present for various reasons, relatives of adult patients have not because medical personnel, especially physicians, believed it would interfere with their work or would be upsetting for the family.
For instance, before the study most physicians believed that atherosclerosis was an inherent part of the aging process such that blood pressure would be expected to increase with age.
Overall, more than 90% of patients and physicians believed that the system was valuable and provided satisfactory services.
Sometimes, these were truly inactive pills, but very often, they were "impure placebos": vitamins, over-the-counter pain killers, antibiotics, or even sedatives that the physicians believed had no specific action on the disease but might provide a placebo benefit.
Ira Rutkow, President Garfield's physicians believed that one of the bullets that struck their patient had pierced his intestines.
According to medical historian Dr. Ira Rutkow, President Garfield's physicians believed that one of the bullets that struck their patient had pierced his intestines.
Han-era medical physicians believed that the human body was subject to the same forces of nature that governed the greater universe, namely the cosmological cycles of yin and yang and the five phases.
