To be sure, the effort to save babies' hearts involved many people, including researchers, physicians, policy makers and advocates.
And since they are reimbursed less than physicians, policy makers are quick to point out, increasing the number of nurse practitioners could lower health care costs.
To test the hypothesis that care typology-being complex and highly unpredictable versus being clear-cut and highly predictable-guides healthcare payment preferences of physicians, policy makers, healthcare executives, and researchers.
Here we were concerned with all decision makers, including physicians, policy makers, patients and nursing staff.
Will priorities of physicians, policy makers and healthcare executives converge or diverge as a consequence of the new payment systems?
Physicians, policy makers, health care executives and researchers have their own priorities, differing further by geographical area.
To reach physicians, policy makers and healthcare executives, we asked 48 international professional healthcare societies within the field of medicine, health policy, care management and public health research to invite their members to participate in the study.
Food webs of producers, consumers and parasites are also inherently asymmetric and hierarchical (Foster et al. 2010), and so are many networks diffusing health information from researchers to physicians, policy makers and patients (Wang and Noe 2010; Zappa 2011).
Understanding the modes of influenza transmission and the possible impact of its prevention by vaccines is crucial for physicians, policy makers, and patients in order to better understand the value of influenza immunisation programmes.
Finally, we studied the degree of goal alignment between physicians, policy makers, healthcare executives and researchers by comparing differences in total utility between the stakeholder groups in the current and new payment system.
The study sample consisted of physicians, policy makers, healthcare executives and individual healthcare payment researchers across Canada, Eastern Europe, Oceania, the US and Western Europe, but was not designed to be representative of each of these four stakeholder groups and five geographical areas.
