Second, we should distinguish between ontogenic and phylogenetic adaptations (Sober 2000, 86).
The adaptations of interest to evolutionary biologists are phylogenetic adaptations, which arise over evolutionary time and impact the fitness of the organism.
This underscores that the timing of leaf emergence underlies a balance between phylogenetic constraints and adaptation to specific environmental conditions that can be common between closely related species.
Continuous laboratory evolution has been historically used to study problems including antibiotic resistance, organismal adaptation, phylogenetic reconstruction, and host pathogen interactions, with more recent applications focusing on the rapid generation of proteins and nucleic acids with useful, tailor-made properties.
Thus, the phylogenetic development of adaptations depends on the age of the ecosystem, and also on the dominating plant families that colonized these ecosystems originally.
3: 180-191 4. Thornhill, R and Gangestad, S (1996b) Human female copulatory orgasm: a human adaptation or phylogenetic holdover.
Our analyses could facilitate understanding of the phylogenetic diversity and niche adaptation of this bacterium.
Alternatively, conservation of TAG expression may be more related to phylogenetic effects than functional adaptation (Oliveira et al., 2011).
The biological properties of these viruses are consistent with those of their phylogenetic progenitors, indicating longstanding adaptation to mammals.
D. serrata contigs annotated to Drosophila genes of interest from sexual selection, climatic adaptation and phylogenetic studies.
However, the phylogenetic diversity and niche adaptation of V. parahaemolyticus at the species level is currently unknown.
