They used the somewhat blunt instrument of feeding 1.5m English-language books into Ngram Viewer, a tool that catalogues phrase usage, in order to count the frequency that words were used.
In addition to the patterns of phrase usage frequency changes, we will also acquire the temporal patterns of behavior changes, such as tweeting intervals, for the purpose of developing a method of constructing a predictive model that can be combined with the conventional feature word-based characterization.
When historians, linguists, and the generally curious want to know how people spoke in the twenty-first century, it will be useful to know about OMG and LOL, and how the phrases reflected usage that ranged from serious, to semi-serious, to full-on ironic.
McDonald's website, hosted by Professor Ronald, offers "Happy Courses" for multiplication and "chengyu fun" (i.e., classical four-character classical Chinese phrases, the usage of which, even today, is a sign of a keen mind).
These measures include associate production norms, contextual relatedness in terms of latent semantic analysis distance, total number of letters, phrase-level usage frequency, and word-level usage frequency summed across the words in each pair.
Other possibilities include comparing meaningfulness ratings to noun noun pairs across different levels of phrase-level usage frequency or comparing the human ratings of meaningfulness with those based on meaningfulness metrics derived from computational algorithms such as latent semantic analysis (LSA: Landauer, McNamara, Dennis, & Kintsch, 2007).
According to the family, and contrary to the idiom's accepted usage, the phrase a three-ring circus should be used to imply that meticulous, thorough, and uncompromising attention has been paid to the work.
Coined around 1900, the phrase peaked in usage during the middle of the 20th century and echoes still.
It is not accidental that Gaudapada used as the title of the fourth part of his work a phrase in common usage among Buddhist authors.
"Do you know what that means?" Unaware that he already knew the phrase from its usage in the TV show "Family Guy," which offers delicious new words for him through its risqué dialogue, I offered an educated guess.
William Strunk Jr. and E.B. White, authors of The Elements of Style, condemned the phrase in general usage.
