Sentence examples for photon brightness from inspiring English sources

In addition to photon brightness and coherent flux, we discuss other directions, such as shorter pulses, tailored bunches, and partial lasing, in which rings could evolve.

In our estimation, storage rings have the potential to provide an increase in photon brightness and coherent flux that is two orders of magnitude above that projected for rings currently under construction.

At an excitation wavelength of 760 nm, tagRFP possesses a cross section of ~300 GM and two photon brightness of ~130 GM, and mKalama1 a cross section of ~30 GM and two-photon brightness of 11 GM.

These fluorescent dyes are highly photostable and present high one- and two-photon brightness.

This work opens a fruitful bottom-up approach to complementary green and red-emitting molecular-based nanoparticles combining giant two-photon brightness (over 300 000 and 400 000 GM) as well as excellent chemical and colloidal stability.

To obtain two-photon brightness (σ2×ϕ), the cross section (σ2) is multiplied by the fluorophore's quantum yield of fluorescence.

These results establish that, significantly, the TMP-BC575 conjugate has the combination of cell permeability and two-photon brightness necessary for two-photon live cell imaging.

Freed from the constraint of having to find FP pairs with large differences in Stokes shifts it is now possible to use FPs with higher two-photon cross sections and two-photon brightness.

To determine relative two-photon phosphorescence brightness spectra (for a definition of "two-photon brightness", see Results and Discussion), a setup was constructed for time-resolved phosphorescence measurements under two-photon excitation.

2. Cross section (σ2), GM, and two-photon brightness: The cross section (σ2) for two-photon absorption measured in GM (1 GM = 10-50 cm4 s) is the probability in which the fluorophore can simultaneously absorb a pair of photons per second at the unit average intensity of the incident light (1 photon/s * cm) [ 16].

Further, the method of exploiting the different excitable transitions of FPs for simultaneous imaging is highly extensible, and one can easily imagine finding FP pairs with favorable properties such as further red shifted excitations and emissions,, greater photostability, and higher two-photon brightness. 1.