Experimental evidence on the speaker-independent Wall Street Journal corpus clearly demonstrates that DNNs can achieve significant improvements over the shallow MLPs with a single hidden layer, producing greater than 90% frame-level attribute estimation accuracies for all 21 phonetic features tested.
For the two other tests (Phonetic fluency and Letter Number Span) the relationship to AES-C-Apathy was statistically significant, but of a smaller magnitude (r =.25, r =.26).
Recently, we presented a similar method using GB approximation which requires phonetic labeling during the test stage [20].
The modified GB method presented in this paper is successfully trained using very few sentences (5 10) and does not require phonetic labeling of the test signals.
Next, we tested whether phonetic similarity caused speech perception problems and whether this differed between groups.
For older pupils, he says, exams test not just phonetic skills but also comprehension, and are harder.
Results demonstrated that ASAP pruning combined with subquery search improves significantly the phonetic matching efficiency, in all test conditions.
An intuitive explanation could be that not all the Gaussian components should be adapted if the phonetic contents of enrollment and test are the same, only those components which are observed in speaker frames need to be adapted.
In the case that the phonetic content of enrollment and test sessions is same, we may assert that only those components which are observed in the speaker frames need to be adapted, but FA-based techniques provide a global adaptation to all the Gaussian components including those unobserved Gaussian components, whose performance should be questionable compared with traditional MAP adaptation.
The clinical feasibility of the approach was supported by a strong correlation between scores from the phonetic transcription and speech intelligibility tests and by strong test retest reliability for all speakers.
