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This heterogeneity implies that peaks of activity occur concurrently in different locations and that critical events and phenotypic transformations reflected in gene expression at these transformative sites may occupy small footprints in the overall expression profiles.
Yet, the role of phenotypic plasticity – an organism's ability to change its phenotype in response to the environment – and environmental influences in the dramatic phenotypic transformations that occurred during plant domestication are poorly understood.
The role of Hox genes and other genes in this process is usually the subject of courses, whereas the phenotypic transformations that occur in the individual development and the changes on such transformations in geological time are in many cases neglected.
Organisms that form these immobilized consortia often undergo phenotypic transformations with reduced metabolic activity, which impacts the capacity to grow on selective media [ 2].
Therefore, the global loss of 5hmC can change genome stability and genome-wide transcription patterns, which ultimately leads to a cascade of phenotypic transformations from healthy melanocytes toward malignant melanoma.
Therefore, we introduced either activated src (m-src), polyoma-MT alone or combined with normal c-src in the adenoma PC/AA/C1 cell line (PC) to define the function and phenotypic transformations induced by these oncogenes in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) colonic epithelial cells.
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HSC activation is characterized by a phenotypic transformation from a small, lipid droplet containing cell, to a myofibroblastic phenotype, during which the cell loses its lipid droplets and acquires a large body size.
Chemotherapy agents can facilitate the phenotypic transformation in residual surviving cancer cells into a highly mobile and resistive phenotype (Dean et al, 2005; Ranganathan et al, 2006).
This is the first demonstration of differences in learning capability between alternative adult phenotypes, and also of transient modifications in learning capability during the process of phenotypic transformation; the latter modifications go beyond the differences observed between the two extreme phenotypes.
This hypothesis appears to be supported by recent epidemiological and clinic-based studies that sought to identify risk factors for this phenotypic transformation of headache presentation.
Following acute environmental challenges tissue-resident ILCs expand locally and in this way the pool of cells is renewed, although phenotypic transformation can also occur.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com