Sentence examples for phenotype effects from inspiring English sources

Selection factors that shape the genetic and phytochemical architecture of aspen populations may thus simultaneously influence aspen resistance to pathogen attack, with consequences for individual tree fitness as well as community organization, via "extended phenotype" effects.

Heterogeneous mitochondrial network alterations in glioma cells and in microvascular environment are implicated directly and indirectly in the processes linked to hypoxia-tolerant and hypoxia-sensitive cells phenotype, effects of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, increased expression of several glycolytic protein isoforms as well as fatty acid synthase, and survivin.

The length of the polyglutamine repeat in normal, unaffected humans is from 6 to 40 residues and mice expressing full length ataxin-1 with 30Qs (Atx-30) show no phenotype effects [37]; the Atx-30 expression was therefore a suitable control for the expanded (83Q) protein in our experiments.

The observed enrichment of STRs in genic and regulatory regions [ 4] also suggests potentially larger phenotype effects than many common SNPs.

We estimated the phenotype effects of each founder haplotype on MTX toxicity for the two QTL exceeding our 0.5 genome-wide false-positive rate.

Due to the possibility that oTr cells have an altered phenotype, effects of select nutrients were confirmed using day-16 sheep conceptus explant cultures.

The simulation scenarios varied according to: number of genes in a gene set, number of genes associated with the phenotype, effect sizes, correlation between expression of genes within a gene set, and the sample size.

QTLs were mapped in the diallel progeny using a likelihood function to assess the phenotype effect conditional on genotypic variation.

Recently, several studies showed evidences that disrupt duplicate genes have less phenotype effect in human genome, indicating a possible contribution of duplicate genes to the human genetic robustness.

QTLs were mapped in the diallel progeny by employing a likelihood function to assess the phenotype effect (gene expression, other traits) conditional on genotypic variation.

It was highlighted that the OLIGO technique might replace vector-mediated transformation (RNAi technology) because of the fact that both silence the gene with the same efficiency and produce a similar phenotype effect [ 27].