Data are sparse, but in the United States, for example, the number of available faculty biomedical positions has fallen since 1980, whereas the number of people who have graduated with a PhD has increased by 60% (N. Ghaffarzadegan et al. Syst. Res. Behav. Sci. 23, 402 405; 2015).
Part of the growing gap between basic science and the clinic has been attributed to the decreasing role of MDs or PhD/MDs in leading biomedical research efforts when compared with PhDs: the gap in number of NIH grants led by a PhD or an MD has increased 10-fold, from around 500 to around 5000 projects [ 51].
The growing demand for integrative (interdisciplinary or transdisciplinary) approaches in the field of environmental and landscape change has increased the number of PhD students working in this area.
It also demonstrates the value of early interventions: as the number of women earning bachelor's degrees has increased, so has the number of women earning PhDs.
- I wish graduate programs would be more straightforward and realistic - quit pushing the "grad-to-postdoc-to-academic professorship" line, and implement an educational program which reflects the fact that the number of PhDs has doubled without the corresponding increase in tenured academic positions.
In the same time period, PhD enrollment has only increased by 14.6%.
Life since the PhD has been hard.
Michal Mosier, PhD has not competing interests.
HIF stabilization induced by introduction of PHD enzyme inhibitors into a fracture site has shown increased angiogenesis and improved bone regeneration after fracture (5, 7).
Disclosures: Frank Sorvillo, PhD; Patricia Wilkins, PhD; Shira Shafir, PhD, MPH; and Mark Eberhard, PhD, have disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
