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Using a design of phasic fear (predictable threat), sustained anxiety (unpredictable threat) and safety (no threat), we investigated the magnetoencephalographic correlates and temporal dynamics of emotional face processing in a sample of phobic patients.
After several pairings the neutral cue evokes a phasic fear response and the context evokes a sustained anxiety response (Marks, 1987).
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Fear is a phasic, apprehensive arousal to an explicit threat of an aversive stimulus dissociable from a long-term state of anxiety [1].
Fear is characterized by phasic responses to explicit and often conditioned cues, and is associated with imminent or present danger; whereas anxiety is associated with potential danger and is characterized by tonic responses to situations of uncertainty or conflict (Davis & Shi, 1999; Gray & McNaughton, 2000; Bannerman et al., 2004).
Surging or "phasic" dopamine is more associated with reward motivation than "tonic" or background dopamine levels.
Fear not.
"No fear".
Fear works.
Simple fear?
Never fear!
His fear?
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com