With this breathing pattern, the energy saving (the difference in the external work required to ventilate birds mechanically during simulated flight) was modest (9%) compared with out-of-phase coordination (Funk et al. 1997).
The process of constructing an image involves a number of different internal phases and coordination of baseline technologies within the VMIC.
During bimanual movements, two relatively stable "inherent" patterns of coordination (in-phase and anti-phase) are displayed (e.g., Kelso, Am. J. Physiol. 246 (1984 R10000).
Therefore, when investigating coordination in surgical teams it is important to consider the different phases in which certain coordination activities usually are performed and the interdependencies of coordination activities across phases.
Two types of parameters are calculated to reduce the information given by the frequency distribution: (i) the weighted phase coordination ratios PCR1 and PCR2 – see Footnote 4 – and (ii) the strength of coordination denoted as phase recurrency (PR) and pattern predominance (PP), respectively – see Footnote 5.
As examples B Fe, B Co and B Ni alloy phases are analyzed from the viewpoint of coordination polyhedral clusters.
Although the whole group can be analyzed as a bulky single oscillator, it is difficult with such an approach to reveal the essential mechanism of phase coordination among oscillators.
Direct cardiac interaction was postulated by Hildebrandt and Klein in 1979 [ 5] on the basis of phase coordination between maternal and fetal heart rhythms.
This result indicates that a loss of phase coordination occurred in peripheral clocks within individual BKO animals when placed in DD.
However, the way of estimating crystal phase merely according to the statistics of coordination number is not be very reliable.
A fundamental question that arises, since the total work performed during the entire movement cycle must be equivalent regardless of whether the weight of the hand is normal or inverted, is why it is critical in terms of enhancing the stability of coordination that the phase of the action that is synchronised with the environmental stimulus (i.e. the metronome) is assisted by gravity.
