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In this study, we investigated the effects of landscape, host dispersal and demography (population abundance and phase of the fluctuation) on the distribution of a gastro-intestinal nematode Trichuris arvicolae in the fossorial water vole Arvicola terrestris sherman.
Using the rectangular-shaped pulse form we demonstrate that the presence of phase fluctuations of both types strongly influences the number of solitons generated in the channel.
We use the time-derivative of TEC (ROT, rate of TEC change) as a measure of phase fluctuation activity and the Rate of TEC Index (ROTI) as a GPS-based index that characterizes the severity of the GPS phase fluctuations and detects the presence of ionospheric irregularities (Pi et al. 1997).
As a measure of phase fluctuation activity, the rate of TEC (ROT) in units of TECU/min was used, where 1 TECU = 1016 electron/m2.
This work is helpful to the research of phase fluctuation and the design of practical system.
Through the analysis of simulation results, the influence of phase fluctuation is not sensitive for wavelength and APD gain factor at high data rate.
ROT (rate of TEC (ionospheric total electron content) change) is the time derivative of TEC and is considered to be a measure of phase fluctuation activity.
Thus, it was suggested that the phase of these oscillatory fluctuations of membrane potential is related to neural spiking [ 1].
However, variation of seroprevalence rates in rodents is also influenced by population dynamics: low prevalences are often found in the increase phase and high prevalences in the peak phase of rodent population fluctuations.
To test for two phases of demographic fluctuations through time, we employ piecewise regression (McGee and Carleton 1970).
But the method may fail in the case of fast phase fluctuation because fast phase fluctuation does not meet the method's assumption of linear phase in short period.
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