From radio wave observations in the LF range (phase height and absorption measurements) at mid-latitudes longterm trends have been derived for the meso- and lower thermosphere.
Long-term changes in the lower ionosphere studied by LF phase height and ionospheric absorption measurements can be attributed to the effect of greenhouse gases [Bremer, J., Berger, U. Mesospheric temperature trends derived from ground-based LF phase-height observations at mid-latitudes: comparison with model simulations. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 64, 805 816, 2002].
The influence of geometric parameters (e.g., tank dimensions, diameter and position of impeller, continuous phase height-to-tank diameter ratio and impeller-to-tank diameter ratio) on the droplet size of emulsions produced by membrane emulsification has been studied.
Further, by normalisation of the signal wavelength, we determine the optical path difference of the two waves or phase height (thickness) of the object at a given point and create the phase portrait of a cell that represents the distribution of the phase shift in various areas of the object.
Mesospheric temperature trends can be derived from LF phase-height observations in mid-latitudes supported by ionospheric absorption and ionosonde observations.
The phase-height measurements of low-frequency radio waves are used to study the long-term variability of the mesosphere over Europe.
After the absolute phase is calculated, the phase-height mapping relationship is used to get the 3D point clouds.
The effects of atmospheric delay were reduced by the phase-height correlation method (e.g., Fujiwara et al. 1999).
They further reported that serum IL-22 levels increase during the acute phase, peak at the height of clinical presentation, and decrease during recovery.
Sensitivity analysis of the virus dynamics model (Additional file 1: Table S1) found the acute phase peak time to be most sensitive to β and k, and the acute phase peak height to be most sensitive to k (closely followed by λ and u).
