Sentence examples for pharyngeal response from inspiring English sources

The cranial vertex was marked on the scalp, and the magnetic stimulator was initially discharged over both cortices to identify the site evoking the greatest pharyngeal response in each hemisphere.

The average distance from the vertex to the site of maximal pharyngeal response (at the anterior bifurcation of the coil) for the right hemisphere was 3.9 cm lateral and 2.3 cm anterior, for the left hemisphere 4.1 cm lateral and 2.0 cm anterior, and for ADM responses 4.3 cm lateral and 2.4 cm anterior.

Bisch et al. (1994) observed that only a group of first-time stroke patients (mild dysphagia) compared with normal subjects and neurologically impaired patients (strong dysphagia) exhibited significantly shorter pharyngeal response time and laryngeal elevation and earlier laryngeal closure with 1-ml cold liquid boluses.

The greatest increase was observed in the unaffected hemisphere, while an overall reduction in penetration-aspiration scores was found when real stimulation was compared to sham, particularly for both real PAS and PES, accompanied by changes in swallowing transfer timings (pharyngeal response time (PRT)).

Only pharyngeal response time (PRT), reflecting the delay of the laryngeal elevation from the time the bolus reaches the hypopharynx, showed a proportionally significant difference following real neurostimulation treatments compared to the sham arms (z = −2.69, P = .007, d = −.42, r = −.21: negative values here show the increase in PRT in the sham arm group of responses).

Following identifying the cranial vertex on the scalp [25], the brain sites evoking the largest pharyngeal responses in each hemisphere were identified with mapping procedures using single TMS pulses over MI.

Increasing the viscosity of the liquid slows the oropharyngeal transit of the bolus and thus prevents the premature emptying from the mouth before the pharyngeal swallow response [ 97– 97].

(1996) reported that normal pharyngeal swallow response is neither facilitated nor inhibited by prior cold tactile stimulation or topical anesthesia of the tonsillar pillars.

Pharyngeal electromyographic responses after single TMS pulses, termed as pharyngeal motor evoked potentials (PMEPs), were recorded via a 3.2 mm diameter intraluminal catheter (Gaeltec Ltd ,Isle of Skye), with a built-in pair of bipolar platinum ring electrodes.

To minimize the interindividual variability in the amplitude of pharyngeal MEP responses, these data were normalized to baseline and are expressed in the results as a percentage change from baseline.

In 18 dysphagic stroke patients (mean age: 66 ± 3 years, 3 female, time-post-stroke: 63 ± 15 weeks [±SD]), pharyngeal electromyographic responses were recorded after single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the pharyngeal motor cortex, to measure corticobulbar excitability before, immediately, and 30 min, after real and sham applications of neurostimulation.