Sentence examples for pessimistic judgement from inspiring English sources
This pessimistic judgement bias is comparable with findings in depressed patients (Wright and Bower, 1992).
(2012) showed that as with the operant judgement bias task (Enkel et al., 2010), a congenital learned helplessness rat strain exhibited a pessimistic judgement bias.
For example, people reporting negative emotional states attend more to negative stimuli (attention bias), more readily retrieve negative memories (memory bias), and are more likely to judge ambiguous stimuli negatively than happier people (a pessimistic judgement bias) – affective valence appears to be reliably linked to these 'cognitive biases' [3,8 10].
The observation that honeybees show pessimistic judgements in a go/no-go model raises some issues about how much this behaviour is related to any conscious experience of affective state (see Mendl et al., 2011 for a discussion).
In terms of the relationship between affective state and cognitive bias, these data suggest that negative affective states in rats and vulnerability to stress-induced anhedonia are associated with pessimistic behaviour in judgement bias tasks.
The first example of this approach was reported in 2004 where rodents in a putative negative affective state were shown to exhibit pessimistic choices in a judgement bias task.
Latencies were recorded for responses to an ambiguous odour involving a mixture of the two reference cues to assess judgement bias, and strain differences relating to anxiety were shown to be associated with pessimistic decisions (Boleij et al., 2012).
When we divided the rats into 'optimistic' and 'pessimistic' groups based on their cognitive judgement bias in the drug-free state, it turned out that acute administration of L-DOPA caused a 'pessimistic' shift in 'optimistic' animals while showing no significant effects on 'pessimists'pessimists
