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As long as indirect benefits from such arrangements outweigh any costs to individuals, such as loss of personal centrality in either centralized or decentralized groups, the mechanisms that favor such arrangement will be under positive selective pressure.
Thus, the behaviors that produce them will be treated as if being under positive selection in our models, just as would those that improve its personal centrality.
Not only were the individuals unable to experience levels of relative personal centrality beyond those in randomly organized networks, but also the group-wide C-centrality was at its greatest under the same randomized circumstances.
To determine whether individuals could expect to maintain increased personal centrality while social dynamics processes continue, we compared the numbers of individuals consistently maintaining higher than initial rank in affiliation-driven networks to those observed in the R-networks (Figure 3).
To determine whether individual- and group-level outcomes were acting on the fitness of individuals in either conflict or concordance, the expected personal centrality success of individuals was then compared to group-wide centrality measures for the same scenarios previously published and described by Fefferman and Ng [21].
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In P-networks, the expected increase of personal P-centrality of individuals was concordant with higher group-wide P-centrality.
These conditions are well illustrated by the results of P-networks, where, in their attempts to achieve high P-centrality in a simulation, individuals were able to both increase relative personal P-centrality and also use the same set of rules as the best option to maximize group-wide P-centrality.
Accordingly, personal B-centrality was increased in B-networks.
Personal B-centrality will be increased in B- (and potentially P-) networks, but the highest levels of group-wide B-centrality will be achieved in C- and R-networks.
This doesn't just reinforce the centrality of personal laws, but glosses over the economic, political, and social problems that define the everyday experiences of Muslim women.
Affiliation preferences therefore increased the maximum attainable personal P- and B-centrality in networks.
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