One might imagine racism persists across generations because it's passed down from parent to child, with bigoted parents raising bigoted children and tolerant parents raising tolerant ones.
Following Richard Dawkins, he sees the unit of selection, that which persists across generations, as the gene, a prime mover embedded like a computer program driving the "lumbering robot" that is the living organism.
In contrast, black Americans have substantially lower rates of upward mobility and higher rates of downward mobility than whites, leading to large income disparities that persist across generations.
Amartya Sen, John Roemer, Robert M. Hauser, Glenn Loury, Orley Ashenfelter, and others sift and analyze the latest arguments and quantitative findings on equality in order to explain how merit is and should be defined, how economic rewards are distributed, and how patterns of economic success persist across generations.
Regardless of the cause, physicians and families need to be alert to the possibility that depression and related mental illnesses will persist across generations and that failure to recognize and treat them can result in serious school, social and vocational problems.
Some studies have shown that the effect can persist across generations, which means that genes that were not inherited from your great-grandparents could still be exerting an influence today.Paul Soloway, a molecular geneticist at Cornell University in New York, says some human traits could be affected by paramutation.
The picture that emerges is that Latin America is not only the most unequal region in the world, but also that inequality tends to persist across generations.
Child brides are unlikely to participate in the economy in a meaningful way, remaining trapped in a cycle of poverty that can persist across generations.
However, as we observed in fields planted with the seed lot containing 20% adventitious presence (Table 3), gene flow can go overlooked and persist across generations in the seed production setting.
However, in order to conduct MAS using these SNPs in successive generations, strong LD between marker and QTL must persist across generations.
These parental types respond differently to environmental conditions (e.g., predation, disease, and long-term climatic factors) by altering the condition, sex, and morph of their own offspring through mechanisms that persist across generations.
