Sentence examples for perpendicular scratches from inspiring English sources

Finally, researchers dated a thin wooden stick scarred with perpendicular scratches.

Six perpendicular linear scratches were generated and the repopulation of the wound gaps created was photographed.

When scratching using the angle 0°, the tip scratch face and scratch edge are all perpendicular to the scratching direction.

In the case of the backward direction, the tip scratch face is perpendicular to the scratch direction, i.e., the inclination angle, θ, equals 90°, which satisfies the requirement to become orthogonal cutting.

Microstructural analysis revealed that the scratch grooves consisted of numerous slip bands oriented at random angles to the scratch direction and microcracks oriented perpendicular to the scratch direction.

In addition, on the bottom/back of each well, a line perpendicular to the scratches was drawn with a permanent marker.

Typical ripple patterns perpendicular to the scratching direction are formed on the PC surface for each scratching angle.

As shown in Fig. 2b, scratching directions V 1 and V 3 are selected and a feed perpendicular to the scratching direction is conducted to achieve pit arrays with a large dimension of 5 μm. Figure 7a shows the pit arrays obtained with a scratching velocity of 400 μm/s.

V 1 and V 3 represent scratching along the long axis of the cantilever; V 2 and V 4 are defined as scratching perpendicular to the long axis of the cantilever.

Because the movement of the tip is a zigzag trace, the formed bump will be pushed forward and backward, and the rippling structures perpendicular to the scratching direction can be fabricated.

Because the ripples are all oriented perpendicular to the scratching direction, the sides of the obtained diamond dots are parallel to and with an angle of 135° to the horizontal line (highlighted by the white area in Figure 4b).