Under the law, the cost of including women in a research project is not a permissible reason to exclude them.
The ability to delineate and assign value to permissible uses-and to exclude others-through the licensing process flows from the copyright owner's more general right to withhold access to the content altogether if licensing terms cannot be agreed.
Four justices -- Chief Justice William Rehnquist and Justices Clarence Thomas, Antonin Scalia and Anthony Kennedy -- indicated a likely willingness to uphold voucher schemes, reasoning in an opinion by Justice Thomas that it is "bigotry" to exclude "pervasively sectarian schools from otherwise permissible aid programs".
"The government's practice of presenting incomplete proof calculated to exclude all evidence adverse to its litigation position, while permissible as a trial tactic, does not induce confidence that the government will eschew the opportunity to argue misleading inferences," the judge wrote.
However, he declined any suggestion that the statement could be rewritten to exclude filming, and as it stands anti-abortion campaigners may well feel that photographing women is a permissible nonviolent activity.
The federal appeals court in Manhattan last year upheld the Milford Central School's decision to exclude that group, the Good News Club, ruling that the exclusion was based not on its religious viewpoint but on a permissible decision not to have "religious instruction and prayer" as an after-school activity.
Rather, law aims to exclude from an agent's deliberation at least some of the considerations favoring or opposing the conduct at issue, considerations that in the absence of the law it would be permissible to take into account (Raz 1979, chaps. 1 and 2).
To exclude the possibility that the cell lines, especially HEp-2 cells, could not undergo end-stage apoptosis and thus show the 'laddering' pattern, the DNA of each of the respective permissible cell lines was extracted following treatment with STAU, and the DNA laddering assay was performed as described above.
Despite guidance issued by the US treasury aimed at reassuring Europe that it was permissible to do business with Iran, excluding a number of entities and individuals that remain blacklisted, the continent's big banks still err on the side of caution.
If the Syrian Opposition Council becomes more inclusive and can legitimately claim to represent the majority of Syrians, and if it excludes terrorist groups and other extremists, the administration may conclude that it is legally permissible to provide military assistance based on the council's consent.
Is it permissible to delay motherhood?
