(ii) Intensity decreases when there is more permanent grassland.
Management changes like abandonment of permanent grassland were widespread.
The experiments focussed on several crops, including winter wheat, spring barley, legumes, root crops and permanent grassland cut for hay.
The planting of Christmas trees and cultivation of permanent grassland covered the largest area.
Emissions in the intact permanent grassland were lowest in both years.
Simulations indicated that in the long term, decline of SOM must be expected both under arable crop grassland rotations and under permanent grassland, even in the case of permanent grassland receiving undigested manure.
The trend analyses showed that SOM%% of the 0 0.2 m layer was approximately stable under permanent grassland.
An integrated refining and pulping process for ensiled biomass from permanent grassland was established on laboratory scale.
Peat and heavy clay soils in the Netherlands are mainly used for permanent grassland to support dairy farming.
However, the rate and extent of soil repair will largely depend, on the management practices, deployed in the permanent grassland.
Agricultural variables comprised the area covered by maize, set-aside, permanent grassland as well as crop diversity.
