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But income inequality has two different components: permanent differences and temporary fluctuations.
There are really two different components of income inequality: permanent differences and temporary fluctuations.
The approach removes biases in post-intervention period comparisons between the treatment and control group that could be the result from permanent differences between those groups, as well as biases from comparisons over time in the treatment group that could be the result of trends due to other causes of the outcome.
The method basically removes biases that could either be caused by permanent differences between the two groups or biases resulting from time trends unrelated to the regulation [28].
To come closer to the true competition effect, we next add plant sex fixed effects to the model, i.e., we control for permanent differences in plants' sex-specific wage policies.
Altonji (1986) emphasizes that current labour supply depends on all past and expected future wage rates and that it is important to control for permanent differences in wages across individuals.
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[34] states, that even if capabilities converge among all firms, permanent difference in firm performance may be visible as the result of different timing and cost of deploying those capabilities.
Stella made a permanent difference in art history.
Dr. Walker-Batson wrote that it was impossible to tell from the study whether the difference in the rate of improvement translated into a permanent difference in outcome.
MILLIKEN--Gloria, with grace, elegance and a spine of steel activist and philanthropist Gloria Milliken made a permanent difference in New York City.
Thorsten Beck of the World Bank speculates on whether the crash of 2008 will make a permanent difference in the way people save and invest.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com