CHA or CCPA administration at 24 hours before inoculation significantly reduced sera and peritoneal levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6, and reduced mRNA levels of chemokines on PMC as well as leukocyte recruitment to the peritoneum.
All studies that examined both systemic (blood) and peritoneal levels of mediators demonstrated that peritoneal mediator levels were 10 1000 times higher than systemic values in patients with peritonitis [ 33, 38, 51, 54, 61, 65, 67, 69, 71, 76, 89, 102].
Only few of those studies have taken into account the importance of uraemia-induced alterations at both systemic and peritoneal levels.
Ischemia causes decrease in the in the interstitial glucose level in the jejunal wall [ 8, 9, 13] and in the peritoneum [ 9, 13] and it seems that the peritoneal levels are less affected than those in the jejunal wall [ 13].
It might be useful to measure serum and peritoneal levels of circulating AGEs in patients with diabetes as primary renal disease compared to patients with diabetes as a co-morbid condition.
Only peritoneal levels of IL-10 were higher in survivors versus non-survivors (1,505 pg/ml (450 to 3,130) versus 102 pg/ml (9 to 710), respectively, P = 0.04).
Serum levels and peritoneal fluid levels were nearly equivalent at two different time period.
Peritoneal mediator levels are substantially higher than systemic levels after intra-abdominal infection/trauma.
Generally, peritoneal mediator levels were much higher than the systemic levels, and thus might be a truer or better indicator of the local inflammatory response and outcomes [ 131, 154, 158, 163].
