She said: "They are often left with prosecuting peripheral individuals with the result, as in this case, that most have been acquitted fairly quickly by a jury, rather than looking at corporate criminal responsibility.
A key issue in understanding the form and function of a network is to establish membership boundaries, because including peripheral individuals who are not really part of the group can significantly alter how we describe the network.
Each network of interactions, however, contains both central and peripheral individuals: central members are characterized by higher connectivity and can reach a large fraction of the network within a low number of steps, in contrast to the nodes on the periphery.
If this alternative hypothesis is correct, reducing predator abundance could result in increased survival of non-territorial or peripheral individuals, but the density of coral-killing algal gardeners should remain approximately the same over a broad range of predation intensities.
In the scanning model, encounter frequencies among subordinates were also decreased due to large dyadic distances among peripheral individuals.
As the selection intensity is density dependent and proportional to u− 1 for each point in space, the peripheral individuals faced with stronger selection with lower trait values have a small positive influence on the more dense neighboring populations.
