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Forty-six percent of the subjects had a history of at least one peripheral fracture; 29% of the subjects had fractured before age 18 years.
Sixty nine (25.6%) women reported a history of traumatic peripheral fracture before the age of 50.
Adjusting on age, BMI, marital status, parity, educational level, comorbid conditions, and history of peripheral fracture.
Overall, 23.5% of patients (32/136) had at least one vertebral or peripheral fracture.
The association between physical performance measures and BMD, peripheral fracture and falls was performed by univariate and multivariate analysis.
Secondly, we evaluated three criteria in the same study: bone mineral density; the risk of peripheral fracture; and fall.
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Smoking is an independent moderate risk factor for vertebral fractures and peripheral fractures in both sexes, with a relative unadjusted and adjusted risk of approximately 1.2 1.8.
Vertebral fractures are independent risk factors for both vertebral and peripheral fractures and only one-third of these fractures come to clinical attention.
The prevalence of peripheral fractures is significantly increased in dialysis patients because of the presence of common comorbidity factors in addition to those of the kidney failure itself.
The frequency of osteoporosis is increasing with the aging of patients, and its clinical consequences, vertebral or peripheral fractures, are potentially extremely serious, especially in the very elderly.
Medications have therefore been developed which can stimulate bone formation, with the ultimate goal of restoring bone quantity and quality and reducing spinal and peripheral fractures to a greater extent than can be obtained with inhibitors of bone resorption.
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