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Catheters were perfused for a 90-minute stabilizing period, Ringer solution with 20 mmol/l urea, for skin blood flow determinations (urea clearance).
During this period, Ringer's lactate at 10 ml/kg/h was infused to keep hemodynamic stability.
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The anesthetized animals were constantly monitored and underwent a 24-hour intensive care period when Ringer's solution (20 ml/kg/hr) was administered.
†Sum of basic fentanyl infusion with additional boluses; *administered during the 48-h resuscitation period; ††sum of Ringer's lactate and hydroxyethyl starch; ╫final balance = (Ringer's Lactate basal infusion + glucose 50% basal infusion + Ringer's lactate bolus + hydroxyethyl starch bolus) - (urine output + gastric tube output); aone-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
After surgical preparations were complete, a 30-min stabilisation period followed under which a Ringer's acetate fluid bolus of 20 mL × kg−1 was given.
On Day 1, a 90-min stabilization period was performed in which Ringer's solution, containing cefadroxil-D4, was perfused through the microdialysis probes by pump (CMA 400, Solna, Sweden) at a flow rate of 0.5 μL/min.
Fig. 4 shows part of a similar experiment done in Ba2+ Ringer after an initial period in normal Ca2+ Ringer.
To test the effects of pHi on the PMCA H+ uptake I either reduced pHi by injecting H+ ions iontophoretically or increased pHi by a period of superfusion with CO2/bicarbonate buffered Ringer's solution.
To compensate for insensible water loss and fasting period, each animal was given lactated Ringer's 6 ml/kg per hour using a two-channel infusion pump (Anne Abbottt) during animal preparation and liver section.
Measurements were performed before and immediately after volume loading using 500 ml Ringer solution over a short period (<30 minutes).
In total 4 litres glucose 5% and 5 litres Ringers were administered over a period of 2 hours.
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