For instance, the species feedback time delay, the hunting delay, the gestation period of prey or predator, etc.
(d_{3}>0) is the natural death rate of the predator population in the hibernation period of prey population.
(k_{2}) is the rate of conversion of nutrients into the predator population in the hibernation period of prey population.
Raptors spend significantly more time near the squirrel monkey troops during this period, and prey on a significant number of the newborn infants.
During this training period, each prey item was approximately 1/4th of a live mealworm larva, cut from the head end, a procedure that enabled us to provide Learning and Random subjects with prey of virtually identical mass over the course of the experiment.
Another possibility is that during the low-abundance period of both prey some predators responded numerically by reducing their populations as well; this could have released both prey populations from predation and further enhance synchrony.
During the winter period, when live prey is scarce, the European polecat may raid beehives and feed on the honey.
The relatively short feeding period and available prey of small size, mostly fishes and amphibians, probably affects growth rates and reduces maximum body size [30], [73].
Even when the host cell does not possess such an endosymbiont, if the frequency of the gene transfer correlates with the length of the period when the prey is retained in the host cell, increasingly large numbers of transferred genes would increasingly favor the "EGT" scenario.
During periods of low prey abundance, chicks maintained structural growth while sacrificing body condition and were unable to take advantage of periods of high prey abundance by increasing growth rates.
