The W. C. Handy Awards are given each year in recognition of outstanding rhythm and blues performances and performers by the Blues Foundation based in Memphis.
Often called pay-for-performance (P4P), the concept is to build a culture of top performers by aligning goals, performance, and rewards across an entire organization.
The next tool is Human Performance Technology, which is an "an engineering approach to attaining desired accomplishments from human performers by determining gaps in performance and designing cost-effective and efficient interventions".
In assessing the high schools, the overall goal is to identify the system's best performers by contrasting each school's observed performance metrics relative to those of every other school considered.
The states that performed worst narrowed the gap with the best performers by half within six years, says Mr Woessmann.
"That is when they are in the range of 70-80% of peak performance, so we are missing out on a huge number of high performers by testing at the wrong time of day".
To analyze the impact of performance level, both age groups were further subdivided into high performers and low performers by median split (errors in the experimental paradigm).
Beginning on Tuesday, viewers will start to vote for the performers by phone or at NBC.com.
The best performers by the HDI measure also have the most energetic social policies.
Structured reality performers, by contrast, sought out notoriety, knowing precisely what it would entail.
