The use of high aspect ratio filler, such as CNT, results in a percolation threshold (minimum amount of filler to create a percolation path to electrical current) much lower than the spherical-particle fillers[7].
Secondly, the addition of a gel-forming, water-soluble polymeric filler, PVP 17, ensures penetration of fluids into all parts of the matrix (full percolation), thereby increasing the total amount of drug that is released.
Both morphological investigation and electrical conductivity measurements have demonstrated better dispersion and electrical percolation with a smaller amount of MWCNTs when they were subjected γ-ray irradiation.
An empirical mathematical model was designed which establishes the relationship between the variation of the responses (extraction yields), and the variation of three factors (sample volume, sample percolation flow rate and amount of metallic ions present in the sample).
Considering seasonality of surface runoff in this watershed, the amount of percolation from these flows is so low and its values in wet and dry periods in order are 0.97 and 2.15 and in total are 3.11 MCM/year.
Typically, no slurry fines or water discharge occurs at NPDES points from the permit area due to the presence of an earthen barrier across the impoundment and the large amount of percolation through the old surface mine spoils.
The storage capacity of the soil moisture reservoir, FC, has a larger impact on the model performance than BETA, which influences the amount of percolation from the soil moisture storage to the groundwater in times when the soil is not saturated.
The shallow aquifer flow, deep aquifer recharge, groundwater recharge and percolation increased by a relatively small amount under the future climate scenario.
In particular, since CNTs are electrically conductive material, the addition of small amount, known as the percolation threshold, may alter the electrical conductivity of non-conductive polymer-based construction materials (Zamal 2011).
