(God, Reid emphasizes, could have easily fashioned us in such a way that the perceptual process worked differently.
It is, to our knowledge, the first demonstration linking subjective pitch percepts to a quantitative combination of envelope- and fine-structure-related neural activity, although earlier perceptual work indirectly indicated some kind of relationship between envelope- and fine-structural features in pitch perception [25].
Performance of the older adults was compared to a group of 20 younger participants (mean age 24.2, SE 0.49; 9 females) who engaged in the untrained perceptual and working memory tasks without training during a single EEG session for another study [23].
Full-scale IQ, verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed index scores were computed by combining age-scaled subtest scores.
Scores on 19 tests were used to create summary indices of global cognitive function and five specific cognitive abilities (i.e., perceptual speed, working memory, episodic memory, semantic memory, and visuospatial function), as previously described [ 20, 21].
There was no difference in full-scale IQ scores in the type 1 diabetes cohort compared with control subjects (100.7 ± 2.0 vs. 102.5 ± 1.4; P = 0.466), nor were there any differences on the four index scores of verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed (P = 0.971, P = 0.504, P = 0.862, and P = 0.235, respectively).
Executive control abilities will be measured in terms of visual-perceptual ability, working memory and task-switching ability with the Trail Making Test (TMT) [ 24].
These considerations place a burden on the perceptual and visual working memory capacities of human experts.
Accordingly, posterior Superior Parietal Lobule, anterior Prefrontal and Dorsolateral Prefrontal cortices exhibited differential BOLD signal changes in response to perceptual reversals under working memory load.
Interestingly though, it would appear that perceptual anchoring and working memory make independent contributions to performance, at-least in this age group.
