"The Horse," Lawrence wrote, "is endowed with such as we are compelled to denominate qualities of mind; namely, perception, consciousness, memory, free will; in these originate love, hatred, fear, fortitude, patience, generosity, obedience, a limited sense of justice.
And yet any human with perception, consciousness and memory will discover in horses behavior that looks, if only by analogy, as though it were based on patience, generosity, obedience and even justice -- not to mention hatred and fear.
The philosophy of mind is specifically concerned with quite general questions about the nature of mental phenomena: what, for example, is the nature of thought, feeling, perception, consciousness, and sensory experience?
But while philosophers have taken a keen interest in other areas within the "mind/brain sciences" (such as, e.g., perception, consciousness, language, reasoning, moral psychology, and action), social psychology has been largely neglected.
In perception, consciousness becomes alive.
He treats these terms as equivalent: perception, consciousness, testimony, inner sensation.
To this end he identified perception, consciousness, and attention as all being different aspects of the one operation of sensation.
In non-conceptual (nirvikalpaka) perception, consciousness is returned to itself and opens up the possibility of manifesting or seeing the Seer (ātman) or knowing the Ultimate reality (Brahman).
They prompted philosophical debates on the nature of perception, consciousness and even talent and creativity, and significantly impacted the course of art history, notably at the turn of the 20th Century [ 3– 6].
