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If the perception of words and melodies in sung words rely instead on interactive processes, the Word effect should be different for same and different melodies (interference effects) and vice-versa for the Melody effect.
Finally, if the perception of words and melodies in songs call upon independent processes, the Word effect (different – same word) should be similar, in behavioral measures and N400 amplitude, for same and different melodies.
Some important differences between our protocol using sung word pairs and previous studies using opera excerpts [40], [41] can provide an explanation for why we did not find the same tendency toward independence of neural and behavioral correlates associated with the perception of words and melodies.
We tested the feasibility of our procedure on subjects who reported an altered perception of words, despite conventional reading rehabilitation.
Different to the perception of words pseudowords cannot benefit from top-down constraints from phonological word representations to compensate for insufficient sensory input.
The authors not only reported distinct cortical areas for visual perception of letters vs. numbers but also examined visual perception of words and pseudowords via ROI analyses.
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We empirically assembled a table of letter substitutions that are invisible to the observer's perception of word-shape when the letter-based identification mechanism is absent.
Words shape our perception of the world; words trigger emotions; words wound; words have consequences.
'You thought there were things that had disappeared – beheadings and hangings,' says her old-man alter ego (her voice perfectly altered – a little bit Jimmy Stewart – shifting your perception of the words entirely), 'and suddenly they were everywhere.' Targets are hit in quick succession, most notably in a litany of modern-day madness (war, the environment, Oprah) set to a cheeky disco beat.
In some ways, this is reminiscent of the holistic perception of written words (Ehri, 2005).
The researchers thus concluded that the perception of emotion words was almost identical despite cultural and language differences.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com