In the emotionally charged debate about police brutality, misconduct and the perceived targeting and victimization of African Americans, many of us not only identify with the frustration of black citizens in Ferguson, Cleveland, Chicago and Baltimore, but have our own experiences of racial profiling by law enforcement.
Relative to remote fixed screens, which we term ex situ, an in situ display produces greater accuracy of perceived target depth and perceptually directed action (Wu, Klatzky, Shelton, & Stetten, 2005) and more generalizable learning (Wu, Klatzky, Shelton, & Stetten, 2008), as well as facilitating the integration of a complex 3D shape from 2D slices (Wu, Klatzky, & Stetten, 2010).
In a separate piece, the newspaper implied that the K Foundation had hit their perceived target with some success: In a piece published in 2006, The Sunday Times quoted author James F. English's description of The K Foundation's Art Award as "hostile philanthropy".
Loomis and colleagues have proposed that when visual feedback is removed after an initial exposure to a visual target, a "spatial image" of the perceived target location is maintained [43].
In this way a visually perceived target is automatically mapped into the appropriate motor coordinates without any need to compensate the visual rotation of the scene because the two reference frames are coincident.
These experiments were carried out at target contrast 0.1, which had yielded the smallest inter-subject variation and largest fractional effect in experiment 1. Figure 2 presents perceived target contrast measured in two subjects with luminance steps occurring over windows of three different sizes, ranging from ca. 1 deg to full-field.
Pointing responses were used to indicate the perceived target location.
Accordingly, changes were easily detected when substituted Gabors differed from the perceived target orientation.
While the studies discussed above provide important information on the effects of attentional processing on perceived target location, in all cases targets were presented within 10° of fixation.
Localization errors The task required participants to give magnitude estimates of the perceived target location relative to the aperture's edge and fixation.
