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In this study, 5, 10, and 15 bi-layers of poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDAC)/sulfonated-poly(2,6-dimethyl 1,4-phenylene oxide) (sPPO) containing Pt55-Ru45 carelyself-assembledsembled on both sides of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) (i.e. Nafion-117) using a layer-by-layer technique to serve as the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).
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Their electrocatalytic activity was compared with that of state-of-the-art anodes for phenol electro-oxidation: antimony-doped tin oxide (SnO2 Sb5+) and ruthenium oxide (RuO2): first, under standard ambient conditions, and then, under the conditions of a Polymeric Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer (i.e. 85 °C and 30 bar) and of mild Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation (CWAO, i.e. 150 °C and 30 bar).
In the late 1990s, DSRU established an updated version of PEM, Modified PEM (M-PEM), which surveys general practitioners.
Recently, a new generation of PEMs has emerged (i.e., C-Fix, MOD17 and BEAMS) of which C-Fix and MOD17 are operational.
Key goals of Listeria PEM programs are to (i) identify and eliminate niches that allow for Listeria growth and survival and (ii) verify and validate preventive controls such as sanitation programs and sanitation standard operating procedures (SSOPs), sanitary equipment and facility design.
The anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrodes were initially characterized as the cathode on a proton exchange membrane (PEM) anode/membrane half-assembly (i.e. hybrid polymer electrolyte fuel cell).
The PEM value of the i-th gene in the j-th tissue was calculated as followed: P E M i, j = log 10 (x i, j / (∑ k = 1 m x k, j ∑ l = 1 n x i, l / ∑ k = 1 m ∑ l = 1 n x k, l ) ) Where m and n represent the total number of MPSS-qualifying genes and tissues, respectively.
The expression of α-SMA, SM-MHC and calponin for cells cultivated on both Type I collagen and PEM coated surfaces was significatively higher for the differentiated cells compared to mature SMCs, although less important on the collagen coated surface for α-SMA.
The performance of TNTAs/Ti-web photoanodes were evaluated in both gaseous (i.e. PEM-PEC cell) and liquid media (conventional PEC cell).
After differentiation the confluent cells cultivated on type I collagen and PEMs were amplified and separated in two batches.
Mature SMCs were cultivated on the usually employed tissue culture plastic surface (TCPS) [33] showing no difference with a control performed on type I collagen and PEMs.
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