Sentence examples for pedal commissure from inspiring English sources

C2 and VSI project axons through the Pedal commissure (PdN6), which connects the two pedal ganglia (PdG ) (Sakurai and Katz, 2009b ).

In this study, the other pedal commissure, Pedal Nerve 5 (PdN5, Willows et al., 1973) was cut in all isolated brain preparations during dissection.

Glyoxylic acid revealed dopaminergic fibers in the pedal commissure, pleuro-pedal, cerebro-pedal connectives and the nerves leaving the pedal ganglia (Fig. 6b).

The pedal commissure contained a few TH-IR fibers that passed through the length of each ganglion and exited with the nerves leaving the pedal ganglia.

A single giant dopaminergic neuron (LPeD1) was seen in the left pedal ganglion at the pleural side of the ganglion located close to the pedal commissure (Figs. 4a,4c, 6b).

In the experimental animals, the pedal commissure, which is also known as Pedal Nerve 6 or PdN6 (Willows et al., 1973), was cut near the right pedal ganglion with fine scissors, whereas in the sham controls, PdN6 was exposed but not cut.

C2 and VSI both send axons through one of the pedal commissures, Pedal Nerve 6 (PdN6), which connects the two pedal ganglia.

We previously showed that when one of the pedal commissures, PdN6, was severed, the swimming behavior of the animal was impaired in that the number of body flexions per swim episode decreased compared to sham-operated controls (Sakurai and Katz, 2009b).

In contrast to gastropods and cephalopods, polyplacophorans possess a number of non-conchiferan characters such as serially arranged shell muscles, dorsal shell plates, as well as a non-ganglionic visceral and pedal nervous system with iterated commissures [ 23, 39, 40].

These commissures might be remnants of numerous median commissures, which were present in the pedal and interpedal regions in the last common ancestor of Panarthropoda and have persisted in extant onychophorans [ 8, 26- 28], whereas they were reduced completely in arthropods.

Although the escape swimming behavior of Tritonia is normally very robust with little variability among individuals, we found that there was an increase in the variability of the behavior after lesion of a central commissure, PdN6, which connects the two pedal ganglia.