Studying teacher enactment of an innovation helps us understand the process of effective spread of a curricular innovation to teachers who have differing levels of content readiness, pedagogical orientations, teaching competency, different student profiles, and professional development experiences.
A working group comprised of global health educators from Ontario's six medical schools conducted a scoping review of global health curricula, competencies, and pedagogical approaches.
This move is enabling broader adoption of pedagogical approaches, such as competency-based education and personalized learning.
Further, there is a general consensus in the literature suggesting that understanding technical issues, teacher competencies, teacher's role, pedagogical concerns, organisational and financial support, safety and privacy concerns are critical enablers of technology adoption (Alazam, Bakar, Hamzah, & Asmiran, 2013; Bonsu, Duodu, JA, & Djang-Fordjour, 2013; Buabeng-Andoh, 2012a; Peters, 2009).
Likewise, Van Leewen and Cusveller [ 55] offer useful nursing competencies for spiritual care derived pedagogical research but Ross [ 12] suggests that these require further testing for effectiveness.
These guides also describe the pedagogical model used and detail the contents and competencies to be developed with each resource.
A study conducted by Halim et al. (2012) showed that the lack of competency in the language affects the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) of the science teacher.
Additionally, to further enhance science teachers' competencies in terms of content knowledge and pedagogical skills, the science teachers' association worked with IE to provide teacher professional development on weekends and after school hours.
Moreover, the change in pedagogical practices is influenced by the lecturer's own competency.
During this complex interaction, we need to rely on in-service teachers as experienced mentors and their pedagogical content knowledge while making judgements on pre-service teachers⿿ competencies in language teaching.
