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In order to obtain this, peak failure criterion can be used of GSIpeak in the mentioned equations.
External loads were obtained from the reaction forces, and the peak (failure) load was obtained by plotting the ( P - delta ) response.
Foliation orientations of 0 30° produce initial failure at the lowest shear stress; while samples oriented at higher angles are less favorable resulting in higher peak failure strength.
In general, the results indicated that peak failure load, ultimate shear stress, and cutting energy values varied directly with bed depth and inversely with knife grid spacing.
Although multiple mechanisms of device attachment to the spinous processes exist, there is a paucity of data regarding lumbar spinous process morphology and peak failure loads.
The effects of the specimen sizes and the crack inclination angles on the peak failure loads of the pre-cracked Brazilian Disk specimens are studied.
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High-definition video shows rapid post-peak failure events to occur in columns experiencing either large dilation or large confining pressure displaying a characteristically different composite action in such concretes under confinement.
To overcome the issue of a peak cancellation failure, an alternative implementation scheme [29], which we refer to as scheme 2, can be applied.
In order to cope with the peak generation failure, however, the first scheme may require more iterations which in turn increase the complexity several fold.
In summary, the first scheme has lower complexity in terms of fewer multipliers but has the problem of peak generation failure.
At the end of linear edge At the peak load Failure mode PL (kN) D1L (mm) D2L (mm) Pu (kN) D1u (mm) D2u (mm) Strain Com.
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