Each regime is directly related to the non-linear features of the device and can be described by peak angular acceleration values.
Laboratory testing results showed that peak linear acceleration (r (2) = 0.96), peak angular acceleration (r (2) = 0.89), and peak angular velocity (r (2) = 0.98) measurements were highly correlated between the instrumented mouthguard and anthropomorphic test device.
The peak angular acceleration in concussed and uninjured players averaged 6432 rad/second and 4235 rad/second, respectively.
The biofidelic skull compliance and neck properties of the improved infant surrogate significantly influenced the measured kinematic loads, decreasing the measured impact force and peak angular accelerations, lowering the expected injury risk.
The peak range of motion (ROM), peak angular velocities and peak angular accelerations for the primary planar movements only were calculated, which for lifting was considered to be in the sagittal plane.
For peak angular accelerations in the coronal plane (X), a significant difference (p<0.001) was found between the means of the concussion, 4823 rad/s (SD 2096 rad/s) and no-injury, 1548 rad/s (SD 1029 rad/s), cases (figure 3).
A significant difference (p=0.001), for mean peak resultant angular acceleration, between concussion, 7951 rad/s (SD 3562 rad/s) and no-injury, 4300 rad/s (SD 3657 rad/s), head impacts was observed (figure 2 and table 2).
In addition to the mean peak resultant angular acceleration of the head, significant differences (p<0.001) between concussion and no-injury head impacts were observed for coronal and transverse components (figure 3).
Duma et al 13 recorded a single concussion case during an instrumented helmet study and reported the peak coronal angular acceleration of 5600 rad/s; however, the transverse component was not reported.
16 21 24 Another database of head impacts recorded using instrumented helmets, in addition to the anthropomtric test device (ATD) reconstructions of Newman et al, 6 8 were used to assess the predictive capability of the CPC, which was found to be a significantly better predictor in comparison to peak resultant angular acceleration.
During mild soccer headers, individual skin patch sensors had over 100% error in peak angular velocity magnitude, angular acceleration magnitude, and linear acceleration magnitude.
