Novel markers for prostate cancer (PCa) detection are needed.
PET imaging has been recently considered one of the most promising approaches for PCa detection.
Current guidelines for prostate MRI reporting concentrate on prostate cancer (PCa) detection and staging.
Prostate cancer (PCa) detection suffers from low specificity when using the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) alone.
Some of the PCA detection indices include the T2 or Q statistics, which have their advantages and disadvantages.
Prostate HistoScanning (PHS) is a tissue characterization system used to enhance prostate cancer (PCa) detection via transrectal ultrasound imaging.
Magnetic resonance (MR guided biopsy (MRGB) has shown high prostate cancer (PCa)–detection rates in studies with limited patient numbers.
Currently mpMRI is incorporated into national and international guidelines (https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance; http://www.uroweb.org) for PCa detection in men with prior negative biopsy findings.
11C choline PET/CT is another widely-used functional imaging procedure for PCa detection (Fanti et al., 2016; Evangelista et al., 2013).
In conclusion, we recommend that any radiologist involved in prostate mpMRI be fully aware of the pitfalls mentioned in this pictorial report, in order to avoid underestimation and overestimation of PCa detection.
The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT) has challenged the validity of recommended prostate-specific antigen (PSA) thresholds for prostate biopsy (>2.5 ng/ml) given the 17% prostate cancer (pCA) detection rate at PSA of 1.1 2.0.
