The Third Circuit, in looking at the intent behind the payments, concluded that the amounts were gifts, rather than compensation, because they were motivated by the congregation's "love and affection". Then, of course, there are those cases where the line between income and gifts is particularly blurred.
The head of the NAO Amayas Morse concluded: Payment by Results potentially offers benefits such as innovative solutions to intractable problems.
"The attorney general finds in favor of purchaser regarding purchaser's application for the release of the down payment," the ruling concluded.
The European Commission and the Greek government, however, denied that there would be any delay in the third tranche, saying it had always been anticipated that the payment would be concluded in January.
Thus, the authors concluded that payment size matters [ 75].
They also rejected suggestions that they had been overly aggressive in pursuing payments, noting that of the 196 collection efforts in the last fiscal year, 53 concluded in payments.
Of the many billions that flowed through AHAB's financial subsidiaries between 2000 and 2009, the family claims it received only $146m, in dividend payments.A Cayman court concluded in 2011 that there was "compelling evidence of a pattern of massive payments" to Mr Sanea's Saad Group that were "inexplicable having regard to the nature of AHAB's business".
An internal council audit concluded the payments could have been seen as "irregular", though Tribal refuted any claim of impropriety.
Congress concluded these payments amounted to unauthorized loans by state banks to the federal government, which is illegal in Brazil.
Amerian officials ultimately concluded the payments were too scattered and failed to dissuade Pakistan from secretly backing its old allies, the Taliban.
The former head of Revenue and Customs (HMRC) took into account potential embarrassment to George Osborne when letting off Goldman Sachs from paying up to £20m in interest payments, a judge has concluded.
