Besides differences in social information processing patterns, moral, emotional and cognitive differences between reactive and proactive aggression have been identified.
These results are in line with the observation that males differ from females in cognition, decisional processes [41], [42], [43], moral judgments [28], [30] and in brain activation patterns during moral tasks [29].
I show how the side-taking hypothesis explains these otherwise puzzling patterns of moral judgment — especially its focus on actions rather than intended consequences.
His theory also received much criticism, however, most notably from the American psychologist Carol Gilligan, who argued that it ignored the distinct patterns of moral development exhibited by girls.
In that work, Gilligan argued that girls exhibit distinct patterns of moral development based on relationships and on feelings of care and responsibility for others.
Stevenson had located Dewey's interpretation of ethical norms within the broad framework of patterns of moral discourse.
Following traditional argumentative patterns in moral philosophy, Cardano distinguishes among goods of the mind (virtues), goods of the body (health, longevity), and goods of fortune.
And a more optimistic reaction to our confusion sees our established patterns of "moral consistency reasoning" as being well-suited to cope with the clashing input generated by our fast and slow systems (Campbell & Kumar 2012).
Such beneficence-based arguments are common patterns of moral argumentation about new and emerging science and technologies, but they risk to uncritically accept scientists' assumptions.
While the pattern of moral judgments collected in the present investigation supports existing models of moral judgment, demonstrating fewer utilitarian responses to personal moral dilemmas2,6, the pattern of simulated moral action appears to sit in contrast, with greater utilitarian actions observed in personal dilemmas.
