This complex but customizable setup has promoted the understanding of decision making [25], [26] and visual pattern recognition mechanisms [27] [29].
While the steady-state stimulation hypothesis can explain why the immune system does not react towards all antigens, it does not provide a complete explanation for the opposing process of immune activation, particularly as it applies to aggressive immune responses that occur in the absence of any discernable TLR stimulation or other pattern recognition mechanisms.
This kind of sensing would complement pattern recognition mechanisms.
The association of NOD2, CARD9, which encodes caspase recruitment domain family member 9, and TLR4, which encodes Toll-like receptor 4, indicates the involvement of pattern recognition mechanisms of the innate immune system [ 7].
There are on the order of a billion pattern-recognition mechanisms in the cortex.
Attractor dynamics have been used in associative memory models, pattern recognition and as a mechanism for working memory maintenance.
As a major host defence mechanism, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize infecting agents and trigger cellular antiviral responses (reviewed in [ 190]).
The first is the psychological approach called problem solving, with pattern recognition as an important mechanism and illness script as a model for understanding the knowledge structure.
The idea is that the host senses helminths not by pattern recognition but through a mechanism that is described by guard theory, which I mentioned earlier, whereby the immune system senses abnormal activities associated with worm infection.
Since determinants like fitting and alerting factors play key roles, pattern recognition seems an important mechanism to explain the gut feelings that arise [ 1, 2, 5, 29] which is why we have situated gut feelings closer to the problem solving side in our diagram.
