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"The pattern of presence and absence of the anus in animals is quite fascinating," says Dr Hejnol.
It is recognized in Fig. 1 that an alternating pattern of presence and absence of the 0.03- to 5-Hz fluctuations was repeated at 2-h intervals.
The tree remained identical when adjacent genes were collapsed into a single phylogenetic character if they had the same pattern of presence and absence.
Two main evolutionary mechanisms might account for the intermittent pattern of presence or absence of genes in the genomes: lineage-specific gene loss and horizontal gene transfer [53], [54].
Mcm10 is present in most eukaryotes sampled but shows no concordant pattern of presence or absence with Mcm8 or 9.
Sequence searching of genomic and EST databases shows a striking pattern of presence and absence of EFL, eEF1A and eEF1Bα.
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With regard to the 'extraordinary mobility' of CASS, this is demonstrated by the trees in Fig. 2 (more trees have been published previously in our own 2002 paper and by Haft et al)., but even more convincingly, by the persistent pattern of presence-absence of CASS in closely related species and even strains of bacteria.
For each of these proteins, we reconstructed its probable first appearance on the tree, and then later losses from the protein's pattern of presences and absences among the species.
We found site-specific cyclical patterns of presence that remained constant across years.
In Phylogenic profiles method, pairs of proteins with similar patterns of presence and absence across genomes were identified.
Genes in RDs often displayed heterogeneous patterns of presence or absence with the exception of 14 RDs (RD5, RD7, RD9, RD13, RD20, RD26, RD28, RD33, RD34, RD35, RD46, RD48, RD58, and RD62).
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