But the pattern of benefits are unabashedly skewed in two directions: toward the wealthy and two-parent households with lots of children.
Millions of middle-income Americans will get only modest help from the program, and they will have to cope with a crazy-quilt pattern of benefits.
Three characteristics are relevant in this context: the amount of the pension that the system provides, the pattern of benefits associated with each age of retirement, and the entitlement rights that define the conditions to be met to be able to claim a pension at each age.
Different from exiting before-and-after methods, including difference-in-differences method, the proposed procedure based on functional data analysis can describe a map with a complex spatial distribution pattern of benefit rather than using distance bands (ring buffer) from transportation cores, such as railway stations, bus stops, and highway interchanges.
By using a systematic search based on the electronic Medline database plus a hand-search of reference lists of selected review papers, we reviewed the rapidly growing body of experimental and clinical data that, on average, follow a pattern of benefit rather similar to estrogens.
For the secondary end points, the pattern of benefit for clopidogrel users was consistent across several end points, including ischaemic stroke (adjusted HR=0.55, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.71, p<0.001), intracranial haemorrhage (adjusted HR=0.40, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.97, p=0.041), and composite of MACE and all-cause mortality (adjusted HR=0.66, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.78, p<0.001).
Several guidelines that are often discussed include issues concerning the contribution agents have made to a problem, their patterns of benefit from the problem, and their capacity to take constructive action now.
Understanding the results depends crucially on the pattern of combined benefits and harms from the two treatments.
The pattern of the benefits differed between men and women owing to the different disease burdens and, to a lesser extent, the different age structure of the populations.
In this study a progressive pattern of clinical benefits up to 1 year was seen, which is highly unlikely to represent a placebo effect.
The Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial (MADIT-2) risk score was designed as a simple method to predict ICD benefit, and a biphasic pattern of ICD benefit was reported.
