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This methylation pattern induces a close chromatin conformation and decrease transcription levels, suggesting that this epigenetic mark may reduces the efficiency RNA polymerase II elongation [25].
If a pattern mimicking the native activity of a fibre type is used, more or less normal properties are maintained, while a mismatching pattern induces changes: a fast pattern leads to a slow-to-fast transformation in slow muscles; a slow pattern induces a fast-to-slow transformation in fast muscles.
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Results show that an angular surface pattern increased perceived bitterness and taste intensity ratings, whereas a rounded surface pattern induced a sweeter taste evaluation and a less intense taste experience.
Early studies indicated that a slow stimulation pattern induced a sustained increased level of resting [Ca2+]i in muscle fibres (Sréter et al., 1987), More recently however, it was shown that short-term electrical stimulation (<24 h) of myotubes in culture did not induce a sustained increased [Ca2+]i, in spite of inducing expression of mRNA for slower MyHC types (Kubis et al., 2003).
Unfortunately, the patterning induces a significant reduction of the V oc, and quantum efficiency measurements suggest an increase in surface recombination, which in turn decreases the overall efficiency of the device.
However, the crustal deformation from May to September clearly shows a typical pattern induced by a slow slip event in this area.
Strüber and Herrmann [46] used an alternating dot pattern that induces a bistable perception: similar to the wagon wheel illusion, the dots appear to rotate clockwise or anti-clockwise and the perceived direction of the rotation reverses spontaneously.
In spite of dealing a similar reconstruction of physical network, we use the synchronization pattern induced by a complex network system without external inputs whereas Timme M. in [ 18] use the method of analyzing the response dynamics of the network system upon perturbation.
Figure 1b shows AFM reconstruction of periodic height modulations ("nanohole" pattern) induced on a MCT (111) surface with 100 keV B+ ion processing.
The abnormal vascular pattern induced by VEGF-A has been attributed to its inability to bind to matrix and, therefore, to form the steep VEGF-A gradients that are thought to be necessary for generating normal blood vessels.
Cell culturing experiments with C2C12 pre-myoblasts revealed that cell attachment and proliferation on these sheets is relatively high and that the micro-pattern topography induces a clearly defined cell organization.
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