Furthermore, seasonal pattern estimates are revised on-line and hence, mitigating possible discrepancies between observed seasonality and its post-sample projections.
34 This approach ensures that the substitution patterns estimated are consistent across the different food and drink groups in the model: an increase in expenditure in one good must be matched by an appropriate reduction in expenditure on another good.
In a previous analysis, alternative exposure estimates for ambient-generated PM2.5, EC, SO4, CO, NOx, and O3 were developed, and spatiotemporal patterns for each estimate were characterized in comparison with CS monitor measurements (Dionisio et al. 2013).
For Phase 2 the pattern of the estimates is clearly inconsistent with a negative effect, and the slope of the trend line is very small and statistically insignificant.
Including the foreign born slightly increases the number of metropolitan areas in the black regression samples (to 30 in 1940 and 23 in 1950), and the overall pattern of the estimates is similar.
Although these last semi-parametric estimates are imprecise, the drop in the 2007 period is significant at 5% and the general pattern of point estimates is broadly in line with our main results.
The pattern of estimates was virtually unchanged from the primary model above, with all paths remaining significant or non-significant.
ROI summary statistics, including pattern similarity estimates, were extracted with in-house scripts (Source code 1) in MATLAB 2009b (The MathWorks, Inc., Natick, MA), and statistical comparisons were conducted in R version 3.1.1 (http://www.R-project.org).org
The pattern was retained whether the estimate was based on fresh or dry weight of tissue.
Three patterns of estimates were made: estimates made from logarithmic approximations of all items (logarithm-model estimation), estimates made from linear approximations of all items (linear-model estimation), and estimates made from approximations of items with higher determination coefficients (mixed-model estimation).
