However, the simultanagnosia hypothesis cannot account for our patients' reduced processing speed for single items presented at fixation, and thus a simultanagnosic deficit fails to fully explain our patients' pattern of performance.
The cognitive impairments were more common in BD I compared to BD II patients, particularly processing speed.
All participants were between 18 and 65 years of age and had a minimum full scale intelligence of 80. Results showed that patients with schizophrenia scored significantly lower on processing speed than patients with autism and the healthy control group.
Furthermore, because patients with impairments in processing speed or executive function may lack awareness of their deficit(s) more so than those with memory impairment, 43 these anosognosic patients may inaccurately report their self-care activities.
Moreover, a recent longitudinal study on FEM patients revealed an improvement in processing speed and executive functions relative to HCs over a 1-year period after the first acute manic episode (Torres et al. 2014).
This is because dementia patients typically show decreased mental processing speed relative to healthy controls.
Both groups had impairments in memory, executive functioning, attention and processing speed; however, patients with schizophrenia were more impaired across all cognitive domains.
Given the previously noted importance of assessing attention and processing speed in patients with AD, computerized tests can provide optimal procedures for assessing changes in these functions (for example, Wesnes et al., 1987; Nicholl et al., 1995).
Likewise, hypoxemia, which is characterized by low levels of dissolved oxygen in the arterial blood, can result in a lack of oxygen supply to the brains and may lead to cognitive impairment in attention, reasoning, memory, and processing speed in patients with COPD [ 20].
A main effect of gender was observed on processing speed, with female patients showing greater decline than male patients.
