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There are two patient-level measures that involve the collection of patient data.
Patient-level measures were, for the most part, not reported and were not the focus of this review.
To overcome problems associated with aggregate measures, we used patient-level measures for costs, outcomes, and comorbidity.
Secondary patient-level measures of efficacy were NPV, overall accuracy of [99mTc]tilmanocept, and rate of SLN detection by [99mTc]tilmanocept.
From this information, we also calculated two patient-level measures of compliance: 1) whether the patient received pathway compliant care for all indicators (fully compliant care) and 2) the proportion of KPIs that were met for the patient.
Variables included patient-level measures (detailed above), as well as population measures (e.g., race, income, education) and market measures (e.g., hospital market share, bed size, teaching status, provider density, average malpractice payments, and HMO enrollment).
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We could not distinguish between type 1 and 2 diabetes and did not have a patient-level measure of socioeconomic status.
The study provided qualitative information only and further evaluation is needed in the form of quantitative measurements of change in GP and PN behaviour and in patient level measures of process and outcomes of care related to use of the decision support tool.
Patient level measures include clinical effectiveness, patient safety and patient involvement.
Thirdly, we used county level measures of self reported illness, obesity, and smoking status rather than patient level measures.
This analysis approach serves as a patient level measure of medical co-morbidities [ 17].
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