It is seen that independent of the target inhibited, bacterial cell death ultimately occurs through a generalized mechanism involving modulation of multiple pathways that generate free radicals.
Toward this aim, inhibiting the complete combustion of glucose (and thus the generation of CO2) allows glucose to be diverted into anabolic pathways that generate nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids (Fig. 2A).
Ligand-RAGE binding activates intracellular pathways that generate reactive oxygen species, reduce nitric oxide availability, promote monocyte and leukocyte chemotaxis, and increase cytokine secretion [4 7].
Synthetic biology seeks to capitalize on this ability by understanding and reconfiguring the biosynthetic pathways that generate this diversity to produce novel products with improved efficiency.
In this study, transcriptome analysis of an 8-year-old root and a 4-year-old root provided insight into the metabolic pathways that generate the steroids.
My colleagues and I have put 49 people who were madly in love into a brain scanner (fMRI) and mapped some of the brain pathways that generate feelings of romance.
Once activated, it switches on catabolic pathways that generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), while switching off ATP-consuming anabolic processes.
In addition, we show that unlike in other organisms, [22] [23], M. extorquens AM1 induces its metabolic pathways in a reverse order (biomass cycles first before the pathways that generate the biomass precursor metabolites), which may be a cellular strategy to prevent the buildup of downstream toxic metabolites.
The metabolic pathways that generate energy intersect most directly with the pathways responsible for nucleic acid synthesis (the use of glucose-6-phosphate in the pentose shunt) and lipid synthesis (acetylCoA from the mitochondria for 2 carbon lipid extension at fatty acid synthase) [35].
THF-diols and LTX-diols are derived from linoleic acid pathways that generate HODEs and HETEs.
